Charging apparatus and terminal

This application is aReissue Application of U.S. Pat. No. 11,183,863 issued on Nov. 23, 2021, which is aU.S. National Stage of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2018/083109 filed on Apr. 13, 2018, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201710990022.0 filed on Oct. 20, 2017.Both of the aforementionedThe patentapplications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

This application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a charging apparatus and a terminal.

During charging of a battery in a terminal, an external power supply provides a supply voltage, and the supply voltage is provided for the battery after being converted into a charging voltage by using a charging chip in the terminal. In a current terminal market, most charging chips are based on a switch-mode power supply circuit. Low charging efficiency of the switch-mode power supply circuit cannot meet a requirement of high current charging, and therefore a charging chip based on a switched capacitor circuit emerges.

However, an output status of the switched capacitor circuit totally depends on an input status. When power supply energy input to the charging chip based on the switched capacitor circuit fluctuates, charging energy provided by the charging chip for a battery also fluctuates accordingly. Consequently, there is a problem that a battery current or a battery voltage of the battery exceeds a standard value. Therefore, the charging chip based on the switched capacitor circuit is not totally applicable to a scenario with a relatively high requirement on charging energy.

This application provides a charging apparatus and a terminal, to alleviate a problem that charging energy provided by a charging chip based on a switched capacitor circuit for a battery fluctuates with power supply energy of the chip.

According to a first aspect, this application provides a charging apparatus, and the apparatus includes a sampling module, a control module, a clamping module, and a switched capacitor module; the sampling module connects to the control module, and is configured to: connect to a battery, collect current status information of the battery, and provide the collected status information for the control module; the control module connects to the clamping module and the switched capacitor module, and is configured to: adjust output energy of the clamping module based on the status information, and provide a drive signal for the switched capacitor module; the clamping module connects to the switched capacitor module, and is configured to: connect to a power supply, receive power supply energy provided by the power supply, process the power supply energy into output energy under control of the control module, and provide the output energy for the switched capacitor module; and the switched capacitor module is configured to: connect to the battery, and provide charging energy for the battery based on the drive signal provided by the control module and the output energy provided by the clamping module.

In the charging apparatus provided in the first aspect, the sampling module, the control module, and the clamping module constitute a feedback loop for charging the battery, so that the charging apparatus can adjust, in a timely manner based on the current status information of the battery, the charging energy provided for the battery. Therefore, the charging energy provided by the charging apparatus for the battery is not only related to the power supply energy received by the charging apparatus, but also related to a current status of the battery, and this is beneficial to alleviate a problem that the charging energy provided by the charging apparatus for the battery fluctuates with the power supply energy received by the charging apparatus.

In a possible design, the clamping module includes a clamping transistor, a first electrode of the clamping transistor is configured to connect to the power supply, a second electrode of the clamping transistor connects to the switched capacitor module, and a gate of the clamping transistor connects to the control module; and the control module is specifically configured to: generate a drive voltage based on the status information, and provide the drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor, where the drive voltage is used to adjust conductive impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the clamping transistor, and the conductive impedance of the clamping transistor is used to adjust the power supply energy received by the clamping transistor to the output energy.

In the forgoing solution, a clamping function of the clamping module is implemented by using the clamping transistor. The conductive impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the clamping transistor may be adjusted by using a voltage at the gate of the clamping transistor, to be specific, adjusted by using the drive voltage provided by the control module. When the conductive impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode changes, an energy loss resulting from passing through the clamping transistor by the power supply energy also changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the output energy of the clamping transistor, and further adjusting the charging energy provided by the switched capacitor module.

In a possible design, the status information includes a current value of a battery current and a voltage value of a battery voltage; and the control module is specifically configured to: when the current value of the battery current is greater than a preset first current threshold, and/or the voltage value of the battery voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, generate a first drive voltage, and provide the first drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor, where the first drive voltage is used to adjust a status of the clamping transistor to a high conductive impedance state; or when the current value of the battery current is not greater than a first current threshold, and the voltage value of the battery voltage is not greater than a first voltage threshold, generate a second drive voltage, and provide the second drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor, where the second drive voltage is used to adjust a status of the clamping transistor to a low conductive impedance state.

In the forgoing solution, when either of the current value of the battery current and the voltage value of the battery voltage is greater than the corresponding threshold, it indicates that the battery is in an abnormal state. In this case, the control module adjusts the status of the clamping transistor to the high conductive impedance state, so that the clamping transistor can consume more energy, thereby reducing the output energy provided for the switched capacitor module. Therefore, the charging energy provided by the switched capacitor module for the battery is further reduced, to restore the battery to a normal state. When neither of the current value of the battery current and the voltage value of the battery voltage is greater than the corresponding threshold, it indicates that the battery is in the normal state. In this case, the control module adjusts the status of the clamping transistor to the low conductive impedance state, to reduce the energy loss caused by the clamping transistor.

In a possible design, the sampling module is further configured to: connect to the power supply, collect a voltage value of a supply voltage in the power supply energy provided by the power supply, and provide the collected voltage value of the supply voltage for the control module; and the control module is further configured to: when the voltage value of the supply voltage is greater than a preset second voltage threshold, provide a first cut-in voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor, where the first cut-in voltage is used to control the clamping transistor to disconnect from the power supply.

When the power supply provides an excessively high supply voltage for the charging apparatus, there is a risk of damaging an internal structure of the charging apparatus. In the forgoing solution, the sampling module collects the supply voltage, and provides the supply voltage for the control module. When the supply voltage is greater than the preset second voltage threshold, the control module may control, in a timely manner, the clamping transistor to disconnect from the power supply, and stop input of an excessively high supply voltage, thereby implementing overvoltage protection for the internal structure of the charging apparatus.

In a possible design, the clamping module further includes a sampling load and a detection unit, the second electrode of the clamping transistor connects to an input end of the sampling load, an output end of the sampling load connects to the switched capacitor module, and the detection unit connects to the input end and the output end of the sampling load, and the control module; the detection unit is configured to: obtain a voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the sampling load, determine, based on the voltage difference, a current value of an output current in the output energy provided by the clamping transistor for the switched capacitor module, and provide the current value of the output current for the control module; and the control module is further configured to: when the current value of the output current is greater than a preset second current threshold, provide the first cut-in voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor.

When the power supply provides an excessively high power supply current for the charging apparatus, there is also a risk of damaging the internal structure of the charging apparatus. In the forgoing solution, the detection unit may obtain the current value of the output current of the clamping module by using the sampling load. Because the current value of the output current of the clamping module is almost the same as a current value of the power supply current, it may be determined, based on a value relationship between the current value of the output current and the second current threshold, whether the power supply current is excessively high. When the power supply current is excessively high, the control module controls the clamping transistor to be disabled to disconnect the clamping transistor from the power supply, and stops input of the excessively high power supply current, thereby implementing overcurrent protection for the internal structure of the charging apparatus.

In a possible design, the clamping module further includes a protection transistor and a detection unit, a first electrode of the protection transistor is configured to connect to the power supply, a second electrode of the protection transistor connects to the first electrode of the clamping transistor, a gate of the protection transistor connects to the control module, and the detection unit connects to the first electrode of the clamping transistor, the second electrode of the clamping transistor, and the control module; the detection unit is configured to: obtain a voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode of the clamping transistor, determine, based on the voltage difference, a current value of an output current in the output energy provided by the clamping transistor for the switched capacitor module, and provide the current value of the output current for the control module; and the control module is further configured to: when the current value of the output current is greater than a preset second current threshold, provide a second cut-in voltage for the gate of the protection transistor, where the second cut-in voltage is used to control the protection transistor to disconnect from the power supply.

In the forgoing solution, because the impedance of the clamping transistor includes the high conductive impedance state and the low conductive impedance state, the impedance of the clamping transistor is known. The detection unit may collect the current value of the output current of the clamping module by using the clamping transistor. The control module determines, based on a value relationship between the current value of the output current and the second current threshold, whether the power supply current is excessively high. When the power supply current is excessively high, the control module controls the protection transistor to disconnect from the power supply, and stop input of the excessively high power supply current, thereby implementing overcurrent protection for the internal structure of the charging apparatus.

In a possible design, the sampling module is further configured to: connect to the power supply, collect a voltage value of a supply voltage in the power supply energy provided by the power supply, and provide the collected voltage value of the supply voltage for the control module; and the control module is further configured to: when the voltage value of the supply voltage is greater than a preset second voltage threshold, provide the second cut-in voltage for the gate of the protection transistor.

In the forgoing solution, when the voltage value of the supply voltage is excessively high, the control module provides the second cut-in voltage for the gate of the protection transistor, controls the protection transistor to disconnect from the power supply, and stops input of the excessively high supply voltage, thereby implementing overvoltage protection for the internal structure of the charging apparatus.

In a possible design, the status information of the battery includes the battery voltage; and the sampling module includes a voltage sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit connects to the control module, and the voltage sampling unit is configured to: connect to a positive pole of the battery and a negative pole of the battery, obtain a voltage at the positive pole and a voltage at the negative pole of the battery, determine the battery voltage based on the voltage at the positive pole of the battery and the voltage at the negative pole of the battery, and provide the battery voltage for the control module.

In the forgoing solution, the voltage sampling unit in the sampling module may determine the voltage value of the current battery voltage by collecting the voltage at the positive pole and the voltage at the negative pole of the battery. The voltage sampling module provides the voltage value of the battery voltage for the control module, so that the control module can control, based on the voltage value of the battery voltage, the charging energy provided by the charging apparatus for the battery.

In a possible design, the status information of the battery includes the battery current; and the sampling module includes a current sampling unit, and the current sampling unit connects to the control module, and is configured to: connect to an input end and an output end of a current sensing resistor of the battery, obtain a voltage at the input end and a voltage at the output end of the current sensing resistor, determine the battery current based on the voltage at the input end and the voltage at the output end of the current sensing resistor, and provide the battery current for the control module.

In the forgoing solution, the input end of the current sensing resistor connects to the negative pole of the battery, and the output end is grounded. The voltage sampling unit in the sampling module may determine a voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the current sensing resistor by collecting the voltage at the input end and the voltage at the output end of the current sensing resistor, and then may determine the current value of the battery current with reference to a resistance value of the current sensing resistor. The voltage sampling unit provides the current value of the battery current for the control module, so that the control module can control, based on the current value of the battery current, the charging energy provided by the charging apparatus for the battery.

According to a second aspect, this application further provides a terminal, including a charging interface, a battery, and a first charging apparatus that connects to the battery, where the first charging apparatus is the charging apparatus provided in any one of the first aspect or the designs of the first aspect, and the charging interface connects to the first charging apparatus, and is configured to: connect to a power supply outside the terminal, and connect the power supply to the first charging apparatus.

In the terminal provided in the second aspect, the first charging apparatus may serve as a charging chip of the terminal, and play a role of voltage transformation when charging the battery in the terminal.

In a possible design, the terminal further includes a second charging apparatus and a control chip; the second charging apparatus includes a second input interface, a second output interface, and a second control interface, the second input interface connects to the charging interface, the second output interface connects to the battery, the second control interface connects to the control chip, and the second charging apparatus is configured to: receive, by using the second control interface, a control signal provided by the control chip, and provide charging energy for the battery based on the control signal; the first charging apparatus includes a first input interface, a first output interface, and a first control interface, the first input interface connects to the charging interface, the first output interface connects to the battery, the first control interface connects to the control chip, and the first charging apparatus is configured to: receive, by using the first control interface, a control signal provided by the control chip, and provide charging energy for the battery based on the control signal; the control chip includes a power supply interaction interface, a first control output interface, and a second control output interface, the power supply interaction interface connects to the charging interface, the first control output interface connects to the first control interface of the first charging apparatus, and the second control output interface connects to the second control interface of the second charging apparatus; and the control chip is configured to: obtain type information of the power supply by using the power supply interaction interface, generate a control signal based to on the type information of the power supply, provide the control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide the control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface, where the control signal is used to control the first charging apparatus or the second charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery.

To charge the terminal, there may be a plurality of types of power supplies. Different power supplies are more suitable for different types of charging apparatuses. In the forgoing solution, the terminal further includes the second charging apparatus in addition to the first charging apparatus. Therefore, the terminal is applicable to a case in which charging is performed by using a plurality of types of power supplies. In addition, the control chip selects, based on the type information of the power supply, a charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery. Therefore, the selected charging apparatus is more suitable for the power supply, thereby achieving a better charging effect.

In a possible design, the type information of the power supply includes a non-rated power supply; and the control chip is specifically configured to: obtain the type information of the power supply by using the power supply interaction interface; and when the type information of the power supply is the non-rated power supply, provide a first control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide a second control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface, where the first control signal is used to disable the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, and the second control signal is used to enable the second charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery.

In a process of charging the battery, the power supply needs to adjust the power supply energy to adapt to different charging phases of the battery. The first charging apparatus provided in this application includes a switched capacitor module that has relatively high charging efficiency and imposes a relatively high requirement on precision of adjusting the power supply energy by the power supply. In the forgoing solution, the control chip selects, based on the type information of the power supply, a charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery. When the power supply is the non-rated power supply, it indicates that adjustment precision of the power supply does not meet the requirement of the first charging apparatus. Therefore, the second charging apparatus is used to provide charging energy for the battery, to reduce a risk of damaging the terminal due to low adjustment precision of the power supply.

In a possible design, the type information of the power supply alternatively includes a rated power supply; and the control chip is alternatively specifically configured to: when the type information of the power supply is the rated power supply, provide a third control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide a fourth control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface, where the third control signal is used to enable the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, and the fourth control signal is used to disable the second charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery.

In the forgoing solution, when the power supply is the rated power supply, it indicates that adjustment precision of the power supply can meet the requirement of the first charging apparatus. In this case, the control chip controls the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery. The first charging apparatus in this application includes a switched capacitor module that has relatively high charging efficiency. Therefore, when the power supply is the rated power supply, the control chip can control the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, to obtain relatively high charging efficiency.

In a possible design, the type information of the power supply alternatively includes a rated power supply; the first charging apparatus further includes a sampling output interface, the sampling output interface connects to the control chip, and the first charging apparatus is further configured to provide, for the control chip by using the sampling output interface, status information collected by a sampling module; and the control chip further includes a status information input interface, the status information input interface connects to the sampling output interface of the charging apparatus, and the control chip is alternatively configured to: when the type information of the power supply is the rated power supply, obtain the status information by using the status information input interface, generate a rated control signal based on the status information, provide the rated control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide the rated control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface.

In a process of charging the battery, different types of charging apparatuses are applicable to different charging phases of the battery. In the forgoing solution, when the power supply is the rated power supply, a charging apparatus is further selected based on the status information of the battery, to provide charging energy for the battery. A status of the battery changes in the charging process, and therefore a better charging effect can be achieved when the charging apparatus is selected based on the status information of the battery.

In a possible design, the status information includes a current value of a battery current; and the control chip is specifically configured to: obtain the current value of the battery current by using the status information input interface; and when the current value of the battery current is less than a preset threshold, provide a first rated control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide a second rated control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface, where the first rated control signal is used to disable the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, and the second rated control signal is used to enable the charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery; or when the current value of the battery current is not less than a preset threshold, provide a third rated control signal for the first charging apparatus by using the first control output interface, and provide a fourth rated control signal for the second charging apparatus by using the second control output interface, where the third rated control signal is used to enable the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, and the fourth control signal is used to disable the charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery.

Because the first charging apparatus includes a switched capacitor module, the first charging apparatus is more suitable for a case in which charging is performed with a high current. Compared with the first charging apparatus, the second charging apparatus is more suitable for a case in which charging is performed with a low current. In a process of charging the battery, the battery current varies with a phase. In the forgoing solution, when there is a relatively high battery current, the control chip may control the first charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, to obtain relatively high charging efficiency. When there is a relatively low battery current, the control chip may control the second charging apparatus to provide charging energy for the battery, to obtain higher security.

In a possible design, the second charging apparatus includes one or more of the following circuits: a switching power supply charging circuit, a linear charging circuit, a three-level charging circuit, and a switching power supply boost charging circuit.

In the forgoing solution, the switching power supply circuit, the linear charging circuit, the three-level charging circuit, and the switching power supply boost charging circuit are all charging circuits with relatively mature technologies, and can be better used with the first charging apparatus provided in this application.

is a schematic structural diagram of a switched capacitor charging circuit according to this application. The switched capacitor circuit shown inmainly includes a control module, switching transistors Ta, Tb, Tc, and Td, a capacitor C, an input terminal a, an input terminal a, an output terminal b, and an output terminal b. As shown in, the input terminal aand the input terminal aare configured to: connect to a power supply, and receive power supply energy provided by the power supply. Because energy in a circuit is transmitted in forms of a voltage and a current, a supply voltage Vin herein is used to represent the power supply energy. The output terminal band the output terminal bare configured to: connect to a battery, and provide charging energy for the battery. A charging voltage Vherein is used to represent the charging energy. A first electrode of the switching transistor Ta connects to the input terminal a, a gate of the switching transistor Ta connects to the control module, and the switching transistor Ta is configured to be enabled or disabled under control of the control module. A first electrode of the switching transistor Tb connects to a second electrode of Ta, a gate of the switching transistor Tb connects to the control module, and the switching transistor Tb is configured to be enabled or disabled under control of the control module. A first electrode of the switching transistor Tc connects to a second electrode of Tb, a gate of the switching transistor Tc connects to the control module, and the switching transistor Tc is configured to be enabled or disabled under control of the control module. A first electrode of the switching transistor Td connects to a second electrode of Tc, a second electrode of the switching transistor Terminal device connects to the input terminal aand the output terminal b, a gate of the switching transistor Td connects to the control module, and the switching transistor Td is configured to be enabled or disabled under control of the control module. A first plate of Cconnects to the second electrode of the switching transistor Ta, a second plate of Cconnects to the second electrode of the transistor Tc, and Cis configured to: when the switching transistor Ta and the switching transistor Tc are enabled, and the switching transistor Tb and the switching transistor Td are disabled, store power supply energy input by the power supply; and when the switching transistor Ta and the switching transistor Tc are disabled, and the switching transistor Tb and the switching transistor Td are enabled, output charging energy to the battery by using the output terminal band the output terminal b.

For the switched capacitor charging circuit shown in, the charging energy fluctuates with the power supply energy. Specifically, at a first time point, the control module enables Ta and Tc. and disables Tb and Td, and Cstores the power supply energy provided by the power supply. At a second time point, the control module disables Ta and Tc, and enables Tb and Td. An output status of the switched capacitor charging circuit fluctuates with an input status of the switched capacitor charging circuit. Especially, when a power supply current fluctuates, a charging current output by the switched capacitor charging circuit fluctuates more severely.

However, for the battery, either an excessively high charging voltage or an excessively high charging current causes a battery voltage or a battery current of the battery to exceed a rated standard value of the battery, causing damage to the battery. Therefore, the existing switched capacitor charging circuit is not totally applicable to a usage scenario with a relatively high requirement on precision of a charging voltage or a charging current.

As shown in, the input terminal aand the input terminal aare configured to input power supply energy. The input terminal ais grounded, and is with an electric potential of 0. Therefore, the description can be simplified as that the input terminal ais configured to input the power supply energy. Similarly, the output terminal band the output terminal bare configured to output a charging voltage V. The output terminal bis grounded. Therefore, the description can also be simplified as that the output terminal bis configured to output the charging energy. For simplified description, unless otherwise specified, a conduction relationship between a voltage, energy, a current, and the like is expressed in this form in this application.

It should be noted that the term “a plurality of” in the description of this application means two or more. In view of this, “a plurality of” may be understood as “at least two” in the embodiments of the present invention. The term “and/or” describes an association relationship for describing associated objects and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. In addition, the character “/” usually indicates an “or” relationship between the associated objects unless specified otherwise. In addition, it should be understood that in the description of this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only for distinguishing between description, and cannot be understood as an indication or an implication of relative importance or an indication or an implication of a sequence.

To alleviate a problem that charging energy provided by a switched capacitor charging circuit fluctuates with power supply energy, the embodiments of the present invention provide a charging apparatus. It should be understood that the charging apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application may be an independent electronic device that can charge a battery outside the apparatus. Certainly, when integrated into a terminal, the charging apparatus may alternatively charge a battery in the terminal as a charging chip of the terminal.

is a schematic structural diagram of a charging apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in, a charging apparatusincludes a sampling module, a control module, a clamping module, and a switched capacitor module. The sampling moduleconnects to the control moduleand a battery, and is configured to: collect current status information of the battery, and provide the collected status information for the control module. The control moduleconnects to the sampling module, the clamping module, and the switched capacitor module, and is configured to: adjust output energy of the clamping modulebased on the status information of the batterythat is provided by the sampling module, and provide a drive signal for the switched capacitor module. The clamping moduleconnects to a power supply, the control module, and the switched capacitor module, and is configured to: receive power supply energy provided by the power supply, process the power supply energy into output energy under control of the control module, and provide the output energy for the switched capacitor module. The switched capacitor moduleconnects to the control module, the clamping module, and the battery, and is configured to provide charging energy for the batterybased on the drive signal provided by the control moduleand the output energy provided by the clamping module.

In the charging apparatusshown in, the control modulemay obtain the status information of the batteryby using the sampling module, and determine, based on the status information, a control signal provided for the clamping module. The status information of the batterymay indicate whether the batteryis in an abnormal state during charging. The control modulemay determine, based on the status information, whether the batteryis currently in the abnormal state, and then adjust the output energy provided by the clamping modulefor the switched capacitor module. The output energy of the clamping moduleis provided for the switched capacitor moduleas an input of the switched capacitor module, and an output of the switched capacitor moduleis provided for the batteryas charging energy. A structure of the switched capacitor moduleis a switched capacitor circuit similar to the switched capacitor charging circuit shown in, and the switched capacitor modulealso has a feature that an output fluctuates with an input. When the control moduleadjusts the output energy of the clamping module, the charging energy provided by the switched capacitor modulefor the batteryis also adjusted accordingly. Therefore, it can be learned that the charging apparatusshown inmay adjust, based on a status of the battery, the charging energy provided for the battery. When the batteryis in the abnormal state, the charging energy may be adjusted in a timely manner to restore the batteryto a normal state. This is beneficial to alleviate a problem that charging energy output by a switched capacitor charging circuit fluctuates with input power supply energy.

It should be understood that each module in the charging apparatusshown inmay have a plurality of actual implementation structures. For example, the switched capacitor modulemay use a 2:1 switched capacitor charging circuit shown in, or may use a structure of a 3:1 switched capacitor charging circuit. Only one switched capacitor charging circuit structure may be used for charging, or a plurality of switched capacitor charging circuits may be connected in parallel to improve charging efficiency. These structures may be flexibly used in actual implementation, and are all included in the embodiments of this application.

It should be understood that the module in the charging apparatusdescribed inmay directly connect to the batteryor the power supply, or may connect to the batteryor the power supplyby using a terminal, an interface, a pin, or the like of the charging apparatus. All these are conventional solutions that are easily figured out by a person skilled in the art. This is not limited in this application.

In the charging apparatus provided in this application, a clamping function of the clamping modulemay be implemented by a transistor. As shown in, the clamping moduleincludes a clamping transistor T. A first electrode of the clamping transistor Tconnects to the power supply, a second electrode of the clamping transistor Tconnects to the switched capacitor module, and a gate of the clamping transistor Tconnects to the control module. The control moduleconnects to the gate of the clamping transistor T, and is specifically configured to: generate a drive voltage based on the status information of the battery, and provide the drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor T. The drive voltage is used to adjust conductive impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the clamping transistor T. The conductive impedance of the clamping transistor Tis used to adjust the power supply energy received by the clamping transistor Tto output energy.

When the charging apparatusshown inworks normally, the clamping transistor Tis conducted. The conductive impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode is under control of a voltage at the gate of the clamping transistor T. The control modulemay generate the drive voltage based on the status information of the battery, and provide the drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor T, thereby implementing control of the conductive impedance of the clamping transistor T. An energy loss occurs when the power supply energy passes through the clamping transistor T, and a magnitude of the energy loss is determined based on the conductive impedance of the clamping transistor T. Therefore, the control modulecan adjust the conductive impedance of the clamping transistor Tby using the drive voltage, to adjust the output energy of the clamping transistor T.

Based on the charging apparatusshown in, in a possible design, the status information may include a current value of a battery current and a voltage value of a battery voltage. The control moduleis specifically configured to: when the current value of the battery current is greater than a preset first current threshold, and/or the voltage value of the battery voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, generate a first drive voltage, and provide the first drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor T. When the first drive voltage is applied to the gate of the clamping transistor T, a status of the clamping transistor Tcan be adjusted to a high conductive impedance state. Alternatively, the control moduleis specifically configured to: when the current value of the battery current is not greater than a first current threshold, and the voltage value of the battery voltage is not greater than a first voltage threshold, generate a second drive voltage, and provide the second drive voltage for the gate of the clamping transistor T. When the second drive voltage is applied to the gate of the clamping transistor T, a status of the clamping transistor Tcan be adjusted to a low conductive impedance state.